Ottoman Empire

1800–1922 · Ottoman Empire

• 2026-03-28Ismail PashaKhedive of Egypt who modernized Cairo and oversaw the construction of the Suez Canal.
  politicsmanhigh-rankingKhedive of EgyptSuez CanalTanzimat reforms
• 2026-03-25Sultan Abdulmecid IOttoman sultan who implemented the Tanzimat reforms and issued the Hatt-ı Hümayun of 1856.
  politicsmanhigh-rankingTanzimat reformsHatt-ı Hümayun of 1856Crimean War
• 2026-03-25Sultan AbdulazizOttoman sultan who promoted modernization but was deposed and died under mysterious circumstances.
  politicsmanhigh-rankingTanzimat reformsOttoman modernizationmilitary modernization
• 2026-03-24Mustafa Reşid PashaOttoman statesman who played a key role in the Tanzimat reforms.
  politicsmanhigh-rankingTanzimat reformsGrand VizierOttoman modernization
• 2026-03-24Sultan Mahmud IIOttoman sultan who abolished the Janissaries and initiated modernization reforms.
  politicsmanhigh-rankingTanzimat reformsJanissary corps abolitionOttoman modernization